ملخص الدراسة: The key accomplishments of this paper include characterization of hydraulic excavator formation interaction, development of hydraulic excavator kinematics and dynamics, and development of hydraulic excavator simulation models. The mathematical methods were used to (i) develop excavator’s kinematics and dynamics, and (ii) establish the relationship between excavator parameters and the resistive forces from the […]

ملخص الدراسة: Mosque acquires its importance from being the main spiritual centre for Muslims. Hundreds of thousands of mosques have been constructed to serve Muslims across the world. This resulted in a wide diversity of design criteria, where different architectural elements and styles could be distinguished. This study aims to discuss the rationale and characteristics […]

ملخص الدراسة: This study aimed to know the level of written discourse skills for students who read Quran by heart and those who do not, and to know the differences in these level skills between the two groups. The researcher used the analytic descriptive method and he made a tool for composition subjects’ content analysis. […]

ملخص الدراسة: Housing demands have been increasing since the eruption of Al Aqsa uprising in September 2000. Israel forces have since then been destroying thousands of houses resulting the displacement of tens of thousands Palestinians especially during the barbaric war in 2009. Since then, the cooperation between all society organizations has gained greater importance with […]

ملخص الدراسة: Residential buildings constitute the majority of architectural heritage remaining in Gaza city; they refer to the Ottomans period of the Islamic history in Palestine. This study focuses on this type of buildings because of its importance; in addition to the fact that it is the most vulnerable to threats which affect its survival […]

ملخص الدراسة: A distinguished relationship between the jame’a mosque and the urban structure of the Islamic city started since Prophet Mohammed established the first mosque in Madina. This relationship developed in large cities like Baghdad and Basra where the mosque was the principal component in the main urban square connected to the palace and house […]

ملخص الدراسة: The architectural product with its function and beauty, is considered the final results of architectural design process. As an architectural product is the ultimate output of an architectural design, the controversy continues between prioritizing form or spaces for activities (functionality). In other words, this architectural space is pivotal to an architectural product. Therefore, […]

ملخص الدراسة: The main source of water in Gaza Strip is the shallow aquifer, the quality of the aquifer’s groundwater is extremely deteriorated in terms of salinity. Salinization of groundwater may be caused and influenced by many variables. Studying the relation of between these variables and salinity is often a complex and nonlinear process, making […]

ملخص الدراسة: The need of the Palestinian people for housing requirements goes beyond the typical human desires for a proper shelter. For many Palestinians the proper dwelling started to be considered as small homes which can partially substitute the large lands and properties they missed. Although, there were many attempts to face the challenge of […]

ملخص الدراسة: The undertaken research work included in the paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation of the structural behavior of corroded and repaired beams in comparison with undamaged identical beams. The investigated structural behavior included shear and flexural strengths, ductility expressed by the middle span deflection, crack development and mechanical properties of the […]