<strong>ملخص الدراسة:</strong>

The first decade of the twentieth century witnessed two important events: the emergence of the constitutional movement in Persia and the Ottoman (1906-1908). Muslim Ulama in Iraq adopted certain attitude this movement. Fatwa’s issued by Clergymen played a significant part in supporting this movement, especially …..….. which was founded in Persia. These fatwa’s constituted the main source for its establishment Also, it succeeded in compelling the rulers of Persia from Al-Kagar to accept the parliamentary constitutional system which was similarly applied to the constitutional movement in the Ottoman State. Although there were divergent attitudes by Ulama in the big Iraqi cities. Yet, these attitudes contributed to the crystallization of the public consciousness concerning the purpose and the significations of the parliamentary system.

ملخص الدراسة:

The first decade of the twentieth century witnessed two important events: the emergence of the constitutional movement in Persia and the Ottoman (1906-1908). Muslim Ulama in Iraq adopted certain attitude this movement. Fatwa’s issued by Clergymen played a significant part in supporting this movement, especially …..….. which was founded in Persia. These fatwa’s constituted the main source for its establishment Also, it succeeded in compelling the rulers of Persia from Al-Kagar to accept the parliamentary constitutional system which was similarly applied to the constitutional movement in the Ottoman State. Although there were divergent attitudes by Ulama in the big Iraqi cities. Yet, these attitudes contributed to the crystallization of the public consciousness concerning the purpose and the significations of the parliamentary system.