<strong>ملخص الدراسة:</strong>

The social reaction towards looting crimes was so great and still accelerates even after five years since that day; and among the means the society followed to defend itself was the “stigma” oriented against it as a society and transformed to individuals who committed looting actions in 2003 as one of the severe social sanctions. Social stigma is considered one of the most prominent penalties practiced by a society toward guilty individuals (along with legal penalty as well). The society isolates, despises such individuals and does not allow people dealing with them and disgrace them for along periods of time. This may last for many generations. Other means that are followed by the society is calling perverted individuals by many names and attributes as a denotation and a punishment for them. The most striking of these names is “ Al-Hawassim” which was commonly used since 2003 and still; and it also come to include other classes of perverted and criminals such as (administrative corruption, power beneficiaries, forgers, swindlers, wealthy people by suspected means …etc.). The term “Hawassim” has become a standard for perverted behavior and might extend to included new types of behaviors that are socially rejected and leave a stigma on the Iraqi memory in the modern age.

ملخص الدراسة:

The social reaction towards looting crimes was so great and still accelerates even after five years since that day; and among the means the society followed to defend itself was the “stigma” oriented against it as a society and transformed to individuals who committed looting actions in 2003 as one of the severe social sanctions. Social stigma is considered one of the most prominent penalties practiced by a society toward guilty individuals (along with legal penalty as well). The society isolates, despises such individuals and does not allow people dealing with them and disgrace them for along periods of time. This may last for many generations. Other means that are followed by the society is calling perverted individuals by many names and attributes as a denotation and a punishment for them. The most striking of these names is “ Al-Hawassim” which was commonly used since 2003 and still; and it also come to include other classes of perverted and criminals such as (administrative corruption, power beneficiaries, forgers, swindlers, wealthy people by suspected means …etc.). The term “Hawassim” has become a standard for perverted behavior and might extend to included new types of behaviors that are socially rejected and leave a stigma on the Iraqi memory in the modern age.